Cosmetic
Pigment, shadows, vessels, and tear-trough volume loss—multi-cause correction.
Dark circles are not one diagnosis. Thin skin reveals underlying muscle/vessels (bluish hue), allergies cause venous pooling, true pigment deposits melanin, and tear-trough hollowing creates shadowing.
Treatment must match the cause—fillers alone cannot fix pigment, and topicals alone cannot fix severe hollowing.
Genetics, allergies, chronic eye rubbing, sleep deprivation, aging fat loss, and sun exposure.
Hyaluronic acid fillers for deep tear troughs (advanced technique), targeted topical and oral therapies for visible vessels, brightening topicals for pigment, and allergy management for allergic shiners. Lower blepharoplasty referral for fat bags.
Improvement depends on cause—structural fillers last months to a year; pigment requires sunscreen discipline.
